Wash the broccoli thoroughly, then cut into bite-sized florets, about 2-3 inches wide, and set aside.
Heat a large skillet over medium heat until a gentle shimmer appears in the olive oil.
Add the broccoli florets to the hot skillet. Sauté for about 4-5 minutes, stirring occasionally, until they turn a vibrant green and develop slightly caramelized edges.
Push the broccoli to one side of the pan and add the crushed and chopped garlic to the cleared space. Cook for about 30 seconds, stirring constantly, until fragrant and golden.
Squeeze half of a fresh lemon over the broccoli and garlic, then continue cooking for another 1-2 minutes, allowing the lemon juice to infuse and brighten the flavors.
Toss everything together using a spatula or tongs, then sprinkle with red pepper flakes, salt, and freshly ground black pepper to taste. Stir to coat evenly.
Cook for an additional minute until the broccoli is tender yet crisp, fragrant, and glossy with lemon and garlic juices.
Remove from heat, squeeze a little extra lemon juice if desired, and serve immediately while bright and fresh.